Fire detector

Your building and the people and objects in it are certainly important to you. Protect your valuables by using fire alarms. Find out here how fire detectors differ and what you should consider when buying one. Fire detectors play an important role in the area of alarm systems. These are an indispensable part of security in private and public buildings. In some cases, the building must be equipped with fire alarms.

What are fire alarms?

Fire alarms are technical devices or systems that draw your attention to an emergency. This alarm allows you to take action to extinguish a fire and protect people and assets. The devices can be found in the private environment, as well as in commercial units, office buildings, industrial plants and public facilities. Each fire detector detects a hazard in different ways. Irrespective of this, in the event of a fire:

  • acoustic signals are triggered to draw the attention of people in the building
  • Remote signals are sent to alert the fire brigade directly or via a central station

 

A complete fire alarm system usually consists not only of the detectors, but also of a fire alarm control panel. This can be set up to trigger various actions automatically. These include, for example:

  • the automatic information of the fire brigade
  • the activation of extinguishing systems for active firefighting
  • switching on ventilation systems or extraction systems
  • opening escape routes

 

In this eibabo® catalogue, the focus is on the detector devices that should be installed at central points in a building to detect hazards.

What are the differences between the fire detectors?

The various fire detectors are, so to speak, the 'sensory organs' of a fire alarm system. We differentiate between automatic fire detectors and non-automatic fire detectors. Automatic fire detectors detect a fire based on physical properties. Non-automatic fire detectors must be operated manually. The nature of the danger can also be very different. With the automatic fire detectors, you have the choice between simple or technically sophisticated fire gas detectors or smoke gas detectors, heat detectors, smoke detectors, flame detectors, multiple sensor detectors and various special detectors. Manual fire alarms with broken glass windows are non-automatic fire alarms.

Fire gas detectors and smoke gas detectors

The carbon monoxide detector is one of the fire gas detectors. Carbon monoxide is a toxic, colorless, odorless gas produced by combustion. Carbon monoxide detectors or CO fire detectors measure the carbon monoxide content in the air using an electrochemical cell.

Notice

Thus, a carbon monoxide detector is not only a fire detector. It also warns you if a combustion appliance (such as the heater) in your home has broken down and is emitting dangerous carbon monoxide.


However, these devices do not detect smoke or other products of combustion. Other gas detectors immediately detect hazardous fire gases such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and chlorine gas. Flue gases are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or nitrogen oxide.

smoke detector

There are three different types of smoke detectors, each with a different operating principle. In ionization smoke detectors there is a chamber with two electrically charged plates. In between a small amount of radioactive material. The air between the plates ionizes and current can flow. If smoke enters the chamber, it interrupts the flow of ions and the current flow is reduced. The result is that the alarm is triggered. Ionization smoke detectors work well in flaming fires.

The light scattering smoke detectors work according to the Tyndall effect. This means that in a dark chamber there is a light source and a light sensor. Light source and light sensor are separated from each other in such a way that the light does not hit the sensor. Smoke in the chamber causes the light to scatter, which then hits the sensor. The alarm is triggered. These detectors are particularly suitable for smoldering fires.

On the other hand, the smoke detector works with the principle of blackout. Light hits a sensor. The sensor measures the amount of light received. If there are fluctuations in the measured values, smoke is assumed and the alarm is triggered. Larger areas can be monitored with this type of detector because the light source and sensor can be positioned further apart.

heat detector

Heat detectors or thermal detectors register the rise in temperature caused by a fire. Some heat detectors trigger automatically when a preset ambient temperature is reached. Other models monitor the rate of temperature rise and trigger if the temperature rises faster than the preset value over a period of time. In this case, an alarm is also triggered if the set trigger temperature has not yet been reached. Intelligent heat detectors give an alarm when the ambient temperature around the detector rises above a variable, relative value depending on other parameters.

flame detector

Flame detectors are typically used in open areas or outdoors. However, these devices are also used indoors. Their sensors determine the energy emissions of a fire in the ultraviolet and infrared range. Flame detectors do not analyze combustion products such as heat and smoke.

Multi-sensor detector

Multi-sensor detectors use a combination of multiple sensor types. These sense smoke, heat, or carbon monoxide to detect signs of a fire. A complex algorithm in the detector circuit uses the measured values to decide when an alarm is to be triggered. When integrated into a fire alarm system, the detector outputs a value based on the combined readings of all integrated sensors. These devices are sensitive to a variety of fires.

Source: eibabo®, Hekatron ORS 210 optical smoke detectorImage: Hekatron ORS 210 optical smoke detector

manual call point

A manual detector or glass break detector is a device that allows anyone to trigger an alarm. To do this, a fragile element (usually a transparent pane) must be broken. The alarm can be triggered via a button behind it.

How can fire alarm systems be structured?

The function of fire alarm systems goes far beyond the mere alarming by individual detectors. You can implement these individually depending on your budget and architecture. A complete and reliable threat detection is important.

In conventional systems, detectors / sensors / detectors are wired to the main control unit using classic cable connections. The detectors are divided into areas in order to be able to locate the danger point quickly. This makes the work of the fire brigade easier and is relevant for general building management. The current status of each area can be seen on the control center using a lamp or text display. The more differentiated the division of the areas, the more precisely the alarm trigger can be localized.

Fire detectors with BUS technology are integrated into a KNX building automation system. The principle for detecting a hazard is similar to that of a conventional system. The connection is established via a BUS data line with the network control. In a KNX environment, each detector is given a fixed address. You can determine exactly which detector triggered the alarm via the control panel.

Wireless systems are interesting alternatives to implement conventional or KNX-based fire alarm systems. Signals are transmitted between the sensors and the control center over secure, license-free frequencies. With a wireless system you are very flexible and can make extensions and changes without having to change anything in the fixed installation.

Which fire alarm should I buy?

You have now become acquainted with numerous fire detectors and alarm systems. Please assess the risk of a fire individually and also the dangers that such an emergency situation means for you and your building.

 


TIP:

Rely on a healthy mix of different fire detectors.


 

In order to be able to detect the widest possible spectrum of different fires, we recommend a combination of different fire detectors. You cannot know beforehand whether the worst case scenario is fire and flames, a smoldering fire with heavy smoke development or a defective solid fuel appliance. Not every fire detector detects every type of fire. A multi-sensor detector offers many possible uses. The division into individual devices has the advantage that there is still a certain level of protection even if a single device fails.

 

eibabo - technology store

 

Catalogue content:


In this eibabo® catalogue Alarm installations, emergency call and signalling > Fire detector you will find items from the following product groups:

Item overview:

  • Building protection
  • Combination fire detector
  • Combined detector
  • Detector replacement
  • Differential switch
  • Fire detector
  • Fire protection
  • Fire technology
  • Heat alarm
  • Heat detection
  • Home smoke detector
  • Household smoke detector
  • Indoor siren
  • Limit value technique
  • Lithium battery
  • Multi-sensor smoke detector
  • Power amplifier
  • Radio detector
  • Radio fire protection
  • Relay output
  • Remote inspection
  • Remote reading
  • Security technology
  • Smoke alarm requirement
  • Smoke detection
  • System dual detector
  • Temperature detector
  • Wire mesh


from the following manufacturers:

Manufacturer overview catalogue Fire detector:

  • ABB
  • Busch Jaeger
  • Ei
  • Eltako
  • ESYLUX
  • Geze
  • Gira
  • Hager
  • Hekatron
  • Indexa
  • Jung
  • Novar Esser
  • Rademacher
  • Siemens
  • Somfy
  • WindowMaster


 
Your building and the people and objects in it are certainly important to you. Protect your valuables by using fire alarms. Find out here how fire detectors differ and what you should consider... read more »
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Fire alarm – For early detection of danger

Your building and the people and objects in it are certainly important to you. Protect your valuables by using fire alarms. Find out here how fire detectors differ and what you should consider when buying one. Fire detectors play an important role in the area of alarm systems. These are an indispensable part of security in private and public buildings. In some cases, the building must be equipped with fire alarms.

What are fire alarms?

Fire alarms are technical devices or systems that draw your attention to an emergency. This alarm allows you to take action to extinguish a fire and protect people and assets. The devices can be found in the private environment, as well as in commercial units, office buildings, industrial plants and public facilities. Each fire detector detects a hazard in different ways. Irrespective of this, in the event of a fire:

  • acoustic signals are triggered to draw the attention of people in the building
  • Remote signals are sent to alert the fire brigade directly or via a central station

 

A complete fire alarm system usually consists not only of the detectors, but also of a fire alarm control panel. This can be set up to trigger various actions automatically. These include, for example:

  • the automatic information of the fire brigade
  • the activation of extinguishing systems for active firefighting
  • switching on ventilation systems or extraction systems
  • opening escape routes

 

In this eibabo® catalogue, the focus is on the detector devices that should be installed at central points in a building to detect hazards.

What are the differences between the fire detectors?

The various fire detectors are, so to speak, the 'sensory organs' of a fire alarm system. We differentiate between automatic fire detectors and non-automatic fire detectors. Automatic fire detectors detect a fire based on physical properties. Non-automatic fire detectors must be operated manually. The nature of the danger can also be very different. With the automatic fire detectors, you have the choice between simple or technically sophisticated fire gas detectors or smoke gas detectors, heat detectors, smoke detectors, flame detectors, multiple sensor detectors and various special detectors. Manual fire alarms with broken glass windows are non-automatic fire alarms.

Fire gas detectors and smoke gas detectors

The carbon monoxide detector is one of the fire gas detectors. Carbon monoxide is a toxic, colorless, odorless gas produced by combustion. Carbon monoxide detectors or CO fire detectors measure the carbon monoxide content in the air using an electrochemical cell.

Notice

Thus, a carbon monoxide detector is not only a fire detector. It also warns you if a combustion appliance (such as the heater) in your home has broken down and is emitting dangerous carbon monoxide.


However, these devices do not detect smoke or other products of combustion. Other gas detectors immediately detect hazardous fire gases such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and chlorine gas. Flue gases are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or nitrogen oxide.

smoke detector

There are three different types of smoke detectors, each with a different operating principle. In ionization smoke detectors there is a chamber with two electrically charged plates. In between a small amount of radioactive material. The air between the plates ionizes and current can flow. If smoke enters the chamber, it interrupts the flow of ions and the current flow is reduced. The result is that the alarm is triggered. Ionization smoke detectors work well in flaming fires.

The light scattering smoke detectors work according to the Tyndall effect. This means that in a dark chamber there is a light source and a light sensor. Light source and light sensor are separated from each other in such a way that the light does not hit the sensor. Smoke in the chamber causes the light to scatter, which then hits the sensor. The alarm is triggered. These detectors are particularly suitable for smoldering fires.

On the other hand, the smoke detector works with the principle of blackout. Light hits a sensor. The sensor measures the amount of light received. If there are fluctuations in the measured values, smoke is assumed and the alarm is triggered. Larger areas can be monitored with this type of detector because the light source and sensor can be positioned further apart.

heat detector

Heat detectors or thermal detectors register the rise in temperature caused by a fire. Some heat detectors trigger automatically when a preset ambient temperature is reached. Other models monitor the rate of temperature rise and trigger if the temperature rises faster than the preset value over a period of time. In this case, an alarm is also triggered if the set trigger temperature has not yet been reached. Intelligent heat detectors give an alarm when the ambient temperature around the detector rises above a variable, relative value depending on other parameters.

flame detector

Flame detectors are typically used in open areas or outdoors. However, these devices are also used indoors. Their sensors determine the energy emissions of a fire in the ultraviolet and infrared range. Flame detectors do not analyze combustion products such as heat and smoke.

Multi-sensor detector

Multi-sensor detectors use a combination of multiple sensor types. These sense smoke, heat, or carbon monoxide to detect signs of a fire. A complex algorithm in the detector circuit uses the measured values to decide when an alarm is to be triggered. When integrated into a fire alarm system, the detector outputs a value based on the combined readings of all integrated sensors. These devices are sensitive to a variety of fires.

Source: eibabo®, Hekatron ORS 210 optical smoke detectorImage: Hekatron ORS 210 optical smoke detector

manual call point

A manual detector or glass break detector is a device that allows anyone to trigger an alarm. To do this, a fragile element (usually a transparent pane) must be broken. The alarm can be triggered via a button behind it.

How can fire alarm systems be structured?

The function of fire alarm systems goes far beyond the mere alarming by individual detectors. You can implement these individually depending on your budget and architecture. A complete and reliable threat detection is important.

In conventional systems, detectors / sensors / detectors are wired to the main control unit using classic cable connections. The detectors are divided into areas in order to be able to locate the danger point quickly. This makes the work of the fire brigade easier and is relevant for general building management. The current status of each area can be seen on the control center using a lamp or text display. The more differentiated the division of the areas, the more precisely the alarm trigger can be localized.

Fire detectors with BUS technology are integrated into a KNX building automation system. The principle for detecting a hazard is similar to that of a conventional system. The connection is established via a BUS data line with the network control. In a KNX environment, each detector is given a fixed address. You can determine exactly which detector triggered the alarm via the control panel.

Wireless systems are interesting alternatives to implement conventional or KNX-based fire alarm systems. Signals are transmitted between the sensors and the control center over secure, license-free frequencies. With a wireless system you are very flexible and can make extensions and changes without having to change anything in the fixed installation.

Which fire alarm should I buy?

You have now become acquainted with numerous fire detectors and alarm systems. Please assess the risk of a fire individually and also the dangers that such an emergency situation means for you and your building.

 


TIP:

Rely on a healthy mix of different fire detectors.


 

In order to be able to detect the widest possible spectrum of different fires, we recommend a combination of different fire detectors. You cannot know beforehand whether the worst case scenario is fire and flames, a smoldering fire with heavy smoke development or a defective solid fuel appliance. Not every fire detector detects every type of fire. A multi-sensor detector offers many possible uses. The division into individual devices has the advantage that there is still a certain level of protection even if a single device fails.

 

eibabo - technology store

 

Catalogue content:


In this eibabo® catalogue Alarm installations, emergency call and signalling > Fire detector you will find items from the following product groups:

Item overview:

  • Building protection
  • Combination fire detector
  • Combined detector
  • Detector replacement
  • Differential switch
  • Fire detector
  • Fire protection
  • Fire technology
  • Heat alarm
  • Heat detection
  • Home smoke detector
  • Household smoke detector
  • Indoor siren
  • Limit value technique
  • Lithium battery
  • Multi-sensor smoke detector
  • Power amplifier
  • Radio detector
  • Radio fire protection
  • Relay output
  • Remote inspection
  • Remote reading
  • Security technology
  • Smoke alarm requirement
  • Smoke detection
  • System dual detector
  • Temperature detector
  • Wire mesh


from the following manufacturers:

Manufacturer overview catalogue Fire detector:

  • ABB
  • Busch Jaeger
  • Ei
  • Eltako
  • ESYLUX
  • Geze
  • Gira
  • Hager
  • Hekatron
  • Indexa
  • Jung
  • Novar Esser
  • Rademacher
  • Siemens
  • Somfy
  • WindowMaster
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